1A Nonvascular plants
(ferns
and other primitive plants )....2
1B Vascular plants (plants
which
have transport tissue--considered to be the more advanced kinds of
plants
such as flowers, pines, etc.)....4
2A Ferns....3
2B Non-fern, primitive plants
3A Fronds once pinnate
(simple
leaf fronds).....Sword
fern
3B Fronds two or more times
pinnate (compound leaf fronds)....Braken fern
4A Woody plants (trees and
shrubs)....5
4B Nonwoody plants (herbaceous
plants)....15
5A Plants usually
evergreen;
leaves needlelike or scalelike (conifers)....6
5B Plants deciduous; leaves
broad, not as above (hardwoods--angiosperms)...15
6A Leaves scalelike; cones
less
than 1/2 inch (15 mm) long...7
6B Leaves needlelike; cones
more than 1/2 inch (15 mm) long....8
7A Cones round; branches
typically
"weeping"....Western Hemlock
7B Cones ovate; branches
spraylike;
branches typically form a "J" shape....
8A Needles in clusters of 2
or
more....9
8B Needles borne singly,
arranged
spirally....12
9A Needles several per
cluster;
deciduous in winter..... Western Larch
9B Needles 2 to 5 per cluster,
evergreen (pines)....10
10A Needles 5 per
cluster....27
10B Needles 2 or 3 per
cluster....11
11A Needles 5 to 10 inches
(13-25
cm) long, usually 3 per cluster; cones 3 to 6 inches....Western
Yellow Pine
11B Needles less than 4 inches
(10 cm) long, usually 2 per cluster; cones 3/4 to 2 inches (2 to 5 cm)
long......Lodgepole Pine
12A Cones with 3-pronged, conspicuous bracts; buds sharp pointed and chestnut colored.....Douglas fir
12B Cones lacking conspicuous 3-pronged bracts......13
13A Needles 4-sided, stiff,
and
more or less spiny; twigs roughened by persistent leaf bases; leaves
have
a blue appearance....Blue Spruce
13B Needles 2-sided, more or
less flexuous and blunt, not spiny; twigs mainly smooth.....14
14A Cones pendant, borne
throughout
the tree; cone from persistent leaf bases.....
14B Cones standing erect in
the tops of trees; cone scales deciduous (cones do not fall as a unit);
twigs more or less smooth (true firs)....Grand
Fir
15A Leaves opposite,
plamately
lobed or divided (maples and oaks)...16
15B Leaves alternate, entire,
toothed or pinnately divided....19
16A maples....17
16B has acorns
(oaks)........18
17ALeaves with 5-7 major
lobes;
flowers reddish....Vine Maple
17B Leaves with 3 major lobes,
leaves often more than 6 inches (15 cm) broad; flowers in dense,
pendant
clusters.....
18A....Oregon
White Oak
18B....California
Black Oak
19A Leaves conspicuously
toothed;
plants bisexual, male and female catkins borne on the same plant....20
19B Leaves entire or
inconspicously
toothed...21
20A Teeth of leaves
usually
rounded; female catkins woody and conelike, persistent on the trees....
20B Teeth of leaves sharp
pointed....California
Hazelnut
21A Leaf blades twice as
long
as broad; plants shrublike, with multiple stems....Weeping
Willow
21B Leaf blades longer than
broad but not twice as long as broad; plants with a single stem
(trunk)....22
22A...23
22B....24
23A...Lombardy
poplar
23B...Black
Cottonwood
24A....25
24B....26
25A....Pacific
Madrone
25B....Black
Locust
26ALeaf petioles flattened;
tree
smooth, pale green to white...Quaking Aspen
26B Leaf petioles rounded;
tree
trunk fissured, gray to gray-green.....
27AWestern
White Pine
27B Giant
Sequoia