General Psychology
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Therapy:


Scientific vs. Spiritual approach
Psychoanalytic Approaches - free association, dream analysis
Humanistic Approaches
focus on Active Listening,
Active Approaches
focus on Cognitive (RET, Cognitive-Behavioral)

Therapeutic Alliance
what it is, what effects it
Cultural and Racial and Gender perspective on Therapy
how it affects alliance, what they say about other approaches/perspectives

For each approach/perspective:
purpose of therapy
what is main cause of problems (where do problems start)
what is main focus of therapy
what techniques: unconditional positive regard,

Examples


For questions 6 and 7, choose either the first story about the wife and husband or Stacey's story and answer both questions about the same story.
A client says, "I remember one time when we took an elevator to a business party I was feeling fond of him (her husband) and proud of his success. But then, the moment he walked out of the elevator and into the hall, I suddenly hated him. I started saying that he only had his job because he married me, that he was living off my father's money. It's not true, you know. Anyway, I said that he was manipulative and controlling and arrogant. There we were in the hallway. I was yelling at him, and he was yelling back. We had to just turn around and leave. This happens all the time. --- you need to make some guesses at what may exist in their lives that brought them to this way of being. Be sure to note your assumptions or what further questions you would ask.

OR Stacey is depressed and frustrated at the amount of work she has to do for school while working a part time job that doesn't give her much room for scheduling changes, combined with taking care of a sick father, causing her to show some signs of depression. She has said in therapy, "You know, today it was the car making a new sound, it'll probably need a new transmission, I was worried about that. I was late for school, this assignment's due. I've barely started; it's stupid, I don't get it...It's just..." [tears follow]

6. April is a humanistic therapist. How would she use the principles of active listening to respond to this statement? State what she would say to the client.

7. Michelle is a cognitive therapist. What would she notice in the client's statement above?

1. If Michelle is a cognitive psychotherapist, which of the following would she do to treat a schizophrenic patient?

    a. analyze his dreams to determine at which developmental stage he was fixated.
    b. give him empathetic understanding to help him self-actualize.
    c. positively reinforce desirable behaviors.
    d. remove those parts of the brain that disrupt his adjustment.
    e. talk to him to find his irrational thinking patterns.

2. Give an example of a statement a client would make and a way Rogers/Humanistic therapist would rephrase it.

3. Which therapeutic approach relies most heavily upon clients discovering their own ways of effectively dealing with their difficulties?

8. Mention one defense mechanism used or a possible underlying conflict that might cause this behavior?

5. Your client says, "My son and I have been arguing more recently. I want to help him, but he gets real moody. It's like he expects me to read his mind." Which of the following are examples of how to respond to this statement with active listening? Choose all that correct.
a. "When I fight with my kid, we try to take time outs to give us time to calm down."
b. "Sounds very frustrating, not being able to help."
c. "Don't worry, it's just a phase, things will get better."
d. "Hmm... kind of like each time you move closer, he moves away, like a dance?"

1. Empathetic understanding of the client's view of reality is a major goal of a
a. behavior tehrapist.
b. person-centered (huanisitc) therapist.
c. psychoanalyst.
d. rational emotive (cognitive) therapist.

2. Patient comes in with distress. Therapist asks, "What types of situations are most upsetting to you?" You mention sports, playing cards, rejected by girl. Therapist asks, "What thoughts go through your mind when you don't do well?" This therapist is most likely from which therapeutic approach?
a. biomedical
b. cognitive
c. humanistic
d. psychoanalytic
e. behavior

3. Many people come to therapy wanting specific advice on, say, how to choose a career or how to parent. Which type of therapist is most likely to say, "I can't give you that answer, but by genuinely responding to you, I can help you sort out your own understanding of the situation."
a. biological
b. cognitive
c. humanistic
d. psychoanalytic

4. For the situation above, choose a different type of therapist (different approach) and give a sentence they would say in the same situation. (Name which approach you are using.)

5. A therapist suggests that Margaret is depressed because of how she interprets her failures: she sees them as her fault and clear evidence of her being a loser, rather than seeing that her parents deserve some of the blame for their unreasonable demands. The therapist is probably a ________ therapist.
a. biomedical
b. cognitive
c. humanistic
d. psychoanalytic
e. behavior

1. For which type of therapy is LEAST IMPORTANT to gain insight into the unconscious anxiety?
a. behavior therapy (Skinner)
b. client-centered/humanistic therapy (Rogers)
c. insight - psychoanalytic/psychodynamic therapy (Freud, Jung)
d. rational-emotive therapy/cognitive (Ellis, Bandura) Explain why it is not important.